Uterine inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor: more common than expected

RATIONALE Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT) is a rare mesenchymal neoplasm composed of spindled to epithelioid cells with prominent myxoid stroma and inflammatory infiltrate. It has a low but definite malignant potential. However, its management has never been standardized. PATIENT CONCERNS AND DIAGNOSIS We present the first case of uterine IMT laparoscopically treated. Moreover, we reviewed the English literature regarding uterine IMT published between 1987 and June 2017. A total of 72 cases of uterine IMT were included. Clinical and pathological characteristics, treatments and outcomes were recorded. INTERVENTIONS AND OUTCOMES A total laparoscopic hysterectomy with opportunistic bilateral salpingectomy was performed. Patient is free of disease at 6 months of follow-up. LESSONS Uterine IMT may be identified by anaplastic lymphoma kinase overexpression, its prognosis is usually good, complete excision seems to be effective to avoid relapse and mini invasive surgery seems to be effective and safe to treat uterine IMT. However, considering the age of women affected by disease, conservative management, or medical therapy could be taken in account to avoid surgical injuries and to preserve fertility.